Types of computer game graphics

Background art-

Background art is art seen in the distance. It is usually a stationary 2d image plane which is not in focus. 

Texture art –

Texture art is the mapping a 2d image around a 3d model, the 2d image textures can be created from scratch.

The textures contribute to 99% of the visual experience of the game.

Concept art –

Concept art is usually created at the planning stage, Concept are will help companies save money and time, One of the most common uses are in character and product design.
Concept art is created in various ways, the main way being by hand with pencil and paper. Concept art can be created digitally with a graphics tablet.

Pixel art –

Pixel art is common in 8 or 16 bit games, some examples are Scott pilgrim, Mario and habbo. Used as isometric and none isometric. Basic mobile games us pixel art as phones don’t have as much memory.
This type of art is usually simple and block colored.

Interface graphics –

HUD's, menus and health bars are examples of interface graphics. The graphics are usually created on Photoshop or other similar programs used to create 2d graphics,
HUDs are usually basic grapics designed to be clear and informative.

Print media art –

Used on media such as box art, posters, billboards and merchandise.

Not only used for games but for dvds, cd ect.

Its main purpose is to look appealing to help advertise and draw in the desired target audience.

Mainly developed via printing

Can be seen online as advertisements so not always developed via printing.